Pinhole gnomons Gnomon

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the gnomon projection on floor of santa maria del fiore cathedral during solstice on 21 june 2012


perforated gnomons projecting pinhole image of sun described in chinese zhoubi suanjing writings (1046 bce—256 bce material added until circa 220 ce). location of bright circle can measured tell time of day , year. in arab , european cultures invention later attributed egyptian astronomer , mathematician ibn yunus around 1000 ce.


italian astronomer, mathematician , cosmographer paolo toscanelli associated 1475 placement of bronze plate round hole in dome of cathedral of santa maria del fiore in florence project image of sun on cathedral s floor. markings on floor tells exact time of each midday (reportedly within half second) date of summer solstice. italian mathematician, engineer, astronomer , geographer leonardo ximenes reconstructed gnomon according new measurements in 1756.








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