Mass usage Internet in Russia

conference internet , science: 15 years of going in kurchatov institute on november 10, 2005

in 1990–1991 relcom s network rapidly expanding, joined eunet , used spread news soviet coup attempt of 1991 worldwide while coupers through kgb trying suppress mass media activity on subject. after fall of ussr many former soviet state-controlled structures inherited russian federation, vast telephone networks among them. transformation of economy, market-based telecommunication industries grew quickly, various isps appeared.

meanwhile, first russian fidonet node reportedly started in october 1990 in novosibirsk, , ussr included in fidonet s region 50. russian fidonet activity did contribute development of runet, mass-networking on bbses time more popular on internet in 90s.

in march 1991, national science foundation began allow eastern bloc countries connect global tcp/ip network (the internet proper ).

by mid-1990s, computer networks (where tcp/ip replacing uucp) appeared in many branches of regular life , commerce in post-soviet states. internet became popular means of communication in world spoke russian. national so-called nets of former soviet republics began occur (e.g. uznet, kaznet , others).

in october 2007, then-deputy prime minister dmitry medvedev announced of schools in russia (about 59,000) connected internet, later concerns publicized there problems contractor serve them. in december 2007, follow-up noted ponosov s case, dealt use of illegal software in russian schools, plans announced officially test linux in schools of perm krai, tatarstan , tomsk oblast determine feasibility of further implementing linux-based education in country s other regions. in subsequent years test results considered successful, new organizational problems appeared, including obscurities distribution of funds assigned state.

according statistics of european council, in second half of 2012 number of new subscribers connected technology fttx (fiber building) in russia increased 2.2 million people, more 27 countries of european union combined. total number of households lets fttx connection 7.5 million. means in 2012 on 40% of fixed line broadband users connected fiber optics.

russia has achieved notable progress in achieving broadband connectivity citizens. mobile broadband connectivity close average advanced economies (60 active subscriptions every 100 inhabitants), rates of mobile phone penetration 1 of highest in world, , russia global leader in affordability of fixed broadband, subscriber costs meeting affordability criteria of un international telecommunication union meeting more 90 percent of russian households. russia s average internet connection speed of 7.4 mbps twice global average of 3.8 mbps.

however, russia still faces challenges in digital divide in reaching rural , remote areas. fixed broadband penetration highest in moscow , lowest in chechen republic. given russia s enormous size , diverse levels of development, digital divide continues persist.