Exile and return Peter II of Bulgaria

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cumans depicted in radziwiłł chronicle


after byzantine victory, courtier stated theodor-peter , asen forced yield emperor, describing theodor-peter bull had broken yoke. however, brothers fled across lower danube , sought assistance cumans. imperial troops set fire crops gathered in heaps local inhabitants, made no major efforts capture rebels fortresses built on sheer cliffs , cloud-capped peaks .


isaac ii failed garrison castles along lower danube, enabling refuges return, accompanied cuman troops in autumn of 1186. theodor-peter had promised rich booty , salary cumans talk them supporting him, according letter niketas choniates wrote on emperor s name year after events. same author attributed leading role asen in ensuing military campaign in chronicle. rebels , cuman allies invaded byzantine empire , took control of paristrion (or moesia) between lower danube , mountains. thereafter unification of moesia , bulgaria 1 empire of old (namely, restoration of first bulgarian empire) became principal goal. around time (in 1187 or 1188), asen became theodor-peter s co-ruler.


according scholarly theory, isaac ii acknowledged independence of territories under rule of theodor-peter , asen in peace treaty signed in summer of 1188. john van antwerp fine writes, brothers realm included territory between balkan mountains , danube . madgearu proposes, territories south of mountains, far line connecting plovdiv, stara zagora , ahtopol, incorporated new state. supposed treaty not mentioned choniates. historian paul stephenson states has found no evidence in support of treaty acknowledging independence of new state, emphasizes territory north of mountains ruled various vlach, bulgarian , cuman lords regarded theodor-peter , asen sovereigns.








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