Dawud Pasha (1816–1831) Mamluk dynasty (Iraq)

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dawud pasha (georgian: დაუდ ფაშა) last of mamluk rulers of iraq. dawud pasha initiated important modernization programs included clearing canals, establishing industries, reforming army of european instructors, , founding printing press. maintained elaborate pomp , circumstance @ court. besides usual troubles arab tribes , internal dissensions sheikhs, involved in more serious fighting kurds , conflict iran on influence in kurdish principality of baban. conflict culminated in iranian invasion of iraq , occupation of sulaymaniyah in 1818. later, dawud pasha capitalized on destruction of janissaries @ constantinople in 1826, , eliminated janissaries independent local force.


meanwhile, existence of autonomous regime in iraq, long-time source of anxiety @ constantinople, became more threatening porte when muhammad ali pasha of egypt began claim ottoman syria. in 1830, sultan decreed dawud pasha’s dismissal, emissary carrying order arrested @ baghdad , executed. in 1831, ottoman army under ali ridha pasha marched aleppo iraq. devastated floods , epidemic of bubonic plague, baghdad capitulated after ten-week-long blockade caused mass-famine. dawud pasha, facing opposition local clergymen within iraq, surrendered ottomans , treated favor. life ended in 1851, while custodian of shrine @ medina. arrival of sultan’s new governor in baghdad in 1831 signaled beginning of direct ottoman rule in iraq.


the new ottoman governor, ali ridha pasha, forced come terms still-pervasive mamluk presence in baghdad after last mamluk pasha had been deposed. later married daughter of former mamluk governor sulayman pasha little (1807–1813).








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