1959: Second North Vietnamese invasion Laotian Civil War

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the ho chi minh trail used vietnamese , laotian people beginning. captured viet cong, circa 1959


on 15 may 1959, people s army of vietnam established group 559; unit charged logistics of moving necessities of war north vietnam south. foremost feat building , maintaining ho chi minh trail down eastern spine of laos. eventually, transportation network power vietnamese communists victory. have survive relentless air campaign comparable interdiction bombing in world war ii.


also in may, long-awaited integration of 1,500 pathet lao troops national army scheduled. u.s. embassy told lao government difficult gain congressional approval of aid laos communists serving in army. pathet lao stalled.


under orders souphanouvong, pathet lao battalions refused integrated royal lao army. souphanouvong arrested , imprisoned, along aides. 2 pathet lao battalions, 1 after other, escaped during night no shots fired, taking equipment, families, , domestic animals them. on 23 may, souphanouvong , companions escaped unscathed.


in july, u.s. special forces mobile training teams 77th special forces group, working under code name hotfoot, began training royal laotian army. green berets attached programs evaluation office, , other peo employees, nominal civilians , dressed such.


the rla being formed groupement mobiles—regimental-sized units of 3 battalions. training teams assigned 1 per gm, battalions meriting team.


on 28 july, pavn units attacked along north vietnamese-lao border. took ground royal lao army, moved in pathet lao occupation troops. poor battle performance rla seemed verify need further training; rla outnumbered attackers, still gave ground.


also in july, american embassy began contract aerial resupply rla troops, hiring robert brongersma , beech 18.


in september, group 100 succeeded group 959; north vietnamese upgrading military mission pathet lao, americans had expanded peo. both sides raising larger client armies, in hopes lao fight.








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