Apple Lisa and Macintosh History of personal computers

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1984: apple macintosh.



in 1983 apple computer introduced first mass-marketed microcomputer graphical user interface, lisa. lisa ran on motorola 68000 microprocessor , came equipped 1 megabyte of ram, 12-inch (300 mm) black-and-white monitor, dual 5¼-inch floppy disk drives , 5 megabyte profile hard drive. lisa s slow operating speed , high price (us$10,000), however, led commercial failure.


drawing upon experience lisa, apple launched macintosh in 1984, advertisement during super bowl. macintosh first successful mass-market mouse-driven computer graphical user interface or wimp (windows, icons, menus, , pointers). based on motorola 68000 microprocessor, macintosh included many of lisa s features @ price of us$2,495. macintosh introduced 128 kb of ram , later year 512 kb ram model became available. reduce costs compared lisa, year-younger macintosh had simplified motherboard design, no internal hard drive, , single 3.5 floppy drive. applications came macintosh included macpaint, bit-mapped graphics program, , macwrite, demonstrated wysiwyg word processing.


while not success upon release, macintosh successful personal computer years come. particularly due introduction of desktop publishing in 1985 through apple s partnership adobe. partnership introduced laserwriter printer , aldus pagemaker (now adobe pagemaker) users of personal computer. during steve jobs hiatus apple, number of different models of macintosh, including macintosh plus , macintosh ii, released great degree of success. entire macintosh line of computers ibm s major competition until 1990s.


guis spread

in commodore world, geos available on commodore 64 , commodore 128. later, version available pcs running dos. used mouse or joystick pointing device, , came suite of gui applications. commodore s later product line, amiga platform, ran gui operating system default. amiga laid blueprint future development of personal computers groundbreaking graphics , sound capabilities. byte called first multimedia computer... far ahead of time nobody articulate about.



1985: atari st.


in 1985, atari st, based on motorola 68000 microprocessor, introduced first color gui in atari tos. modified emulate macintosh using third-party spectre gcr device.


in 1987, acorn launched archimedes range of high-performance home computers in europe , australasia. based on own 32-bit arm risc processor, systems shipped gui os called arthur. in 1989, arthur superseded multi-tasking gui-based operating system called risc os. default, mice used on these computers had 3 buttons.








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